News as it happens : an introduction to journalism / Stephen Lamble.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 355-370) and index.

Part 1. The History And Theory Of Journalism -- 1. The History of Journalism -- 2. The Methodology of Journalism -- Part 2. What Is News -- 3. News Values -- 4. Journalism Ethics -- 5. The Newsroom -- 6. Journalism Research -- Part 3. News Writing -- 7. Interviewing -- 8. Writing News for Print -- 9. Writing Broadcast News -- 10. Writing News for Online and Portable Devices -- Part 4. Other Forms Of Journalism -- 11. Feature Writing -- 12. Investigative Journalism -- 13. Photojournalism -- Part 5. Journalism Law -- 14. How We Are Governed -- 15. Defamation -- 16. Contempt -- 17. Other Legal Perils -- Part 6. News Rounds -- 18. Courts, Crime, Councils and Sports -- --

Part 1. The History And Theory Of Journalism : -- 1. The History of Journalism -- Journalism, democracy and technology -- Journalism and history intersect -- The evolution of newspapers -- No guarantee of media freedom in Australia -- Technology helps news travel further and faster -- 2. The Methodology of Journalism -- Seeking and reporting truth -- Reactive and proactive journalism -- Journalism, history and law -- -- Part 2. What Is News : -- 3. News Values -- Attempts to define news -- Six functions of journalism -- The 'big six' news values -- Values tend to blend together -- Kipling's 'six honest serving men' -- The inverted pyramid -- Reactive and proactive news -- Journalists must distinguish between news, comment and opinion -- Smoke, mirrors and frightened rabbits -- Thieves and copycats -- 4. Journalism Ethics -- Society is ambivalent about journalists and journalism -- Pragmatic reasons to be ethical -- Rogue journalists threaten media freedom -- Codes of ethics and codes of practice -- MEAA Journalists' Code of Ethics -- Industry codes -- Chequebook journalism -- Journalistic integrity -- 5. The Newsroom -- The chain of command -- Newsroom presentation and etiquette -- Tips for finding stories -- When the spin-doctors spin out -- Reporting on protests and riots -- Reporting on death and tragedy -- Acknowledging your own feelings -- Making mistakes -- 6. Journalism Research -- Getting the basics right -- Traditional approaches to research -- How not to research -- Beware of online traps -- Computer-assisted research -- Verifying online information -- Newspaper archives -- Searching the web -- Government websites -- Government and corporate information -- Social networking sites and blogs -- Email and text messaging -- The magic of number crunching -- -- Part 3. News Writing : -- 7. Interviewing -- Convincing people to talk to you -- Breaking the ice as a student -- Background research -- The arranged interview -- Beware of liars, fantasists and comedians -- Telephone and video interviews -- Email interviews and SMS dialogues -- Different types of questions -- Where to conduct interviews -- The art of listening -- The sounds of silence -- Closing an interview -- Journalists and sources -- 8. Writing News for Print -- Building a relationship with words -- Journalistic writing style -- Sentences and paragraphs -- Introducing and quoting sources -- Writing the story -- The inverted pyramid and effective intros -- 9. Writing Broadcast News -- Challenges of a changing media landscape -- The critical importance of voice -- Writing radio news -- Radio news style -- Television news -- Writing television news -- Television news style -- 10. Writing News for Online and Portable Devices -- An era of change -- Writing news for online and mobile devices -- The inverted pyramid is an ideal model -- Geographic pointers are essential -- Cultural, ethnic and language differences -- The inverted pyramid: online version -- Online headings and intros -- Links in stories -- Online mistakes -- -- Part 4. Other Forms Of Journalism : -- 11. Feature Writing -- Feature writing and news values -- Personal traits of effective feature writers -- Different types of feature articles -- Researching for features -- Writing features -- Feature introductions and intros -- Structuring a feature -- 12. Investigative Journalism -- Examples of major investigative stories -- Leaders in the field -- Setting agendas over time -- How to investigate -- Freedom of information -- Issues that work against investigations -- Qualities of investigative journalists -- 13. Photojournalism -- A brief history of news photography -- Digital photojournalism -- Categories of news photos -- The mechanics of producing good photos -- Working with photographers -- Caption writing -- Photojournalism ethics -- Total packages -- -- Part 5. Journalism Law : -- 14. How We Are Governed -- Australia's three tiers of government -- How legislation is made -- Voting in a parliament -- Who's who in a parliament? -- Parliamentary privilege -- The separation of powers -- Two sources of law -- The court hierarchy -- Journalists and the fourth estate -- 15. Defamation -- Defamation defined -- Libel and slander -- Defamation is a tort -- Who can sue? -- Time limits and penalties -- Stress and chilling effects -- State of mind is irrelevant -- Online defamation -- Defamation defences -- Criminal defamation -- How to minimise defamation risks -- 16. Contempt -- Contempt of court -- Contempt in the face of a court -- Scandalising a court -- Sub judice contempt -- Restrictions on court reporting -- Contempt of parliament -- Contempt of commissions, inquiries and other related offences -- 17. Other Legal Perils -- Trespass and nuisance -- Breach of confidence -- Hidden cameras and voice recorders -- Privacy -- Stalking -- Spent convictions -- Blasphemy -- Obscenity -- Censorship -- Discrimination and vilification -- Sedition -- Intellectual property, copyright and plagiarism -- -- Part 6. News Rounds : -- 18. Courts, Crime, Councils and Sports -- Working your way into a new round -- Tread carefully with sources and think outside the square -- Court reporting -- Crime reporting -- Council reporting -- Sport reporting -- Appendix 1. Media Entertainment and Arts Alliance Journalists' Code of Ethics -- Appendix 2. Australian Press Council General Statement of Principles -- Appendix 3. Links to Industry Codes of Practice and Complaints-handling Organisations.