TY  - BOOK
AU  - Sturdy Colls,Caroline
TI  - Holocaust archaeologies: approaches and future directions 
SN  - 3319106406
AV  - D804.3 .S798 2015
U1  - 940.531809009 23
PY  - 2015///]
CY  - Cham
PB  - Springer
KW  - Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
KW  - Research
KW  - Forensic archaeology
KW  - Archaeology
KW  - Methodology
N1  - Includes bibliographical references and index; Part I. Background : -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Context -- 3. Reading the Landscape -- Part II. Methodologies in Holocaust Archaeology : -- 4. Ethical Issues and Project Design -- 5. Desk-Based Investigation -- 6. Above-Ground Field Investigations -- 7. Below-Ground Investigations -- Part III. Archaeologies of the Holocaust : -- 8. Physical Evidence of the Holocaust -- 9. Archaeologies of Oppression, Deception and Resistance -- 10. Archaeologies of Life, Work and Death -- 11. The Traces of Memory -- 12. (Re-)Presenting the Holocaust -- --; Part I; Background : --; 1; Introduction --; 1.1; Physical Evidence and the Holocaust --; 1.2; A Unique Approach --; 1.3; Defining Holocaust Archaeology --; 1.4; To Dig or Not to Dig ... --; 1.5; Archaeologies of the Holocaust --; 1.6; Traces of Memory --; 1.7; After Archaeology --; 1.8; Holocaust Archaeologies: Approaches --; 2; Context --; 2.1; Historical Background --; 2.2; Investigating Genocide --; 2.2.1; During World War II --; 2.2.2; Early Investigations of Holocaust Sites --; 2.2.3; Early Attempts to Identify Holocaust Victims --; 2.2.4; Holocaust Memorials --; 2.2.5; The Development of Genocide Investigations --; 2.2.6; Conflict Archaeology --; 2.3; Holocaust Archaeology --; 2.3.1; Scenarios --; 2.3.2; Legal Investigations --; 2.3.3; Humanitarian Projects --; 2.3.4; Commercial Archaeology --; 2.3.5; Serendipitous Discoveries and Rescue Archaeology --; 2.3.6; Making Comparisons --; 2.4; Documenting Holocaust Sites --; 2.5; Reflections --; 3; Reading the Landscape --; 3.1; Understanding Context --; 3.2; Narratives of the Holocaust --; 3.2.1; Popular Narratives --; 3.2.2; Counter-Narratives --; 3.3; Between History and Memory --; 3.3.1; The Painful Past --; 3.3.2; Living Witnesses --; 3.3.3; The Modern Relevance of the Holocaust --; 3.3.4; The Implications of 'Doing' Archaeology --; 3.3.5; Opposition --; 3.4; Defining 'Communities' --; 3.5; Religion and Sacred Spaces --; 3.5.1; Sacred Spaces --; 3.5.2; Jewish Halacha Law --; 3.5.3; Roma and Sinti --; 3.5.4; Christian Views on Death and Burial --; 3.5.5; Jehovah's Witnesses --; 3.5.6; Victims' Opinions --; 3.5.7; Differing Beliefs --; 3.6; Complexities --; 3.7; Why Should We Respect Different Beliefs? --; Part II; Methodologies in Holocaust Archaeology : --; 4; Ethical Issues and Project Design --; 4.1; Ethical Practice --; 4.2; Project Planning --; 4.2.1; Past, Present and Futures --; 4.2.2; Documentary Research --; 4.2.3; Site Visits --; 4.2.4; Discussions with Affected Groups and Individuals --; 4.3; Methodological Considerations --; 4.3.1; Issues with Invasive Work --; 4.3.2; New Approaches --; 4.4; Practicalities --; 4.5; Sites with Alternative Functions --; 4.6; Community Archaeology Strategies --; 4.7; Defining the Field --; 5; Desk-Based Investigation --; 5.1; Interdisciplinary Methodologies --; 5.2; Project Planning --; 5.3; Documentary Evidence --; 5.4; Witness Testimonies --; 5.5; Interviews --; 5.6; Plans --; 5.7; Availability and Reliability --; 5.8; Data Presentation and Analysis --; 5.9; Cartographic Data --; 5.10; Photographic Data --; 5.11; Media and Art --; 5.12; Historic Aerial Imagery --; 5.13; Modern Aerial Imagery and Satellite Data --; 5.14; Geographical Information Systems --; 6; Above-Ground Field Investigations --; 6.1; Non-invasive Approaches --; 6.2; Light Detection and Ranging --; 6.3; Unmanned Aerial Vehicles --; 6.4; Walkover Surveys --; 6.5; Forensic Archaeological Search --; 6.5.1; Search Techniques --; 6.5.2; Forensic Taphonomy --; 6.5.3; Recording Taphonomic Indicators --; 6.6; Global Positioning System and Total Station Survey --; 6.7; Laser Scanning --; 6.8; Multi-Photo Photogrammetry --; 6.9; Building Recording --; 7; Below-Ground Investigations --; 7.1; Assessing Buried Remains --; 7.2; Geophysical Survey --; 7.2.1; Ground Penetrating Radar --; 7.2.2; Resistance Survey --; 7.2.3; Magnetometry --; 7.2.4; Other Methods --; 7.2.5; Method Selection --; 7.2.6; Managing Expectations --; 7.3; Excavation --; 7.3.1; Rationale for Excavation --; 7.3.2; Excavation Strategies --; 7.3.3; Managing Expectations --; 7.4; Post-Recovery Analysis and Conservation --; 7.5; Excavating Human Remains --; 7.5.1; Body Recovery --; 7.5.2; Confirmatory Excavations --; 7.5.3; DNA Testing --; 7.6; Geochemical Testing --; Part III; Archaeologies of the Holocaust : --; 8; Physical Evidence of the Holocaust --; 8.1; Introduction --; 8.2; Internment Camps and Sites --; 8.3; Extermination Camps --; 8.4; Ghettos --; 8.5; Euthanasia Sites --; 8.6; Killing and Disposal Sites --; 8.7; Infrastructure --; 8.7.1; Railways --; 8.7.2; Roads and Pathways --; 8.7.3; Sewers, Privies and Waterways --; 8.8; Beyond Boundaries --; 8.9; Material Evidence --; 8.10; Holocaust Landscapes --; 9; Archaeologies of Oppression, Deception and Resistance --; 9.1; Introduction --; 9.2; Control and Oppression --; 9.3; Evolving Landscapes --; 9.3.1; Interaction with the Landscape --; 9.3.2; Understanding Landscape Development --; 9.3.3; Absence --; 9.4; Camouflage, Concealment and Deception --; 9.4.1; Camouflage --; 9.4.2; Concealment --; 9.4.3; Deception --; 9.4.4; Living a 'Normal Life' --; 9.5; Resistance and Defiance --; 9.5.1; Temporality of Resistance --; 9.5.2; An Archaeology of Resistance --; 9.5.3; Techniques and Further Potential --; 9.6; Evidence of Absence --; 10; Archaeologies of Life, Work and Death --; 10.1; Introduction --; 10.2; Archaeology as a 'Material Witness' --; 10.3; Every Building Tells a Story --; 10.3.1; Standing Buildings --; 10.3.2; Demolished Structures --; 10.4; The Role of Labour in Life and Death --; 10.5; Products of Forced Labour --; 10.5.1; The Built Environment --; 10.5.2; 'Raw Materials' --; 10.6; Burial and Body Disposal --; 10.6.1; Contesting Popular Perceptions --; 10.6.2; Cremation --; 10.6.3; Concealing Human Remains --; 10.6.4; Opportunistic Burial Sites --; 10.6.5; Marking of Graves --; 10.6.6; The Graves of Others --; 10.7; Identification --; 11; The Traces of Memory --; 11.1; Introduction --; 11.2; Issues Caused by Landscape Change --; 11.3; Recording the Past and Understanding the Present --; 11.4; Memorials and Museums as Layers --; 11.4.1; Construction of Memorials and Museums --; 11.4.2; Configuration of Preserved Traces --; 11.4.3; Care and Maintenance --; 11.4.4; Sites as Symbols --; 11.5; Reuse and Modification --; 11.5.1; Circumstances of Reuse --; 11.5.2; Recording Reuse --; 11.6; Vandalism and Dilapidation --; 11.7; Mapping the 'Unseen' --; 11.8; 'Performing' Heritage --; 11.8.1; Observation --; 11.8.2; Mapping Memories --; 11.8.3; Perpetuation of Memory --; 12; (Re-)Presenting the Holocaust --; 12.1; After Archaeology --; 12.2; What Can Holocaust Archaeology Reveal? --; 12.3; A Future Resource --; 12.3.1; Written Accounts --; 12.3.2; Enhancing Museums and Memorial Spaces --; 12.3.3; Digital User Interfaces --; 12.3.4; Remote Exhibitions --; 12.3.5; Media --; 12.3.6; Internet and Social Media --; 12.3.7; Materials for Educators and Students --; 12.3.8; The Arts and Archaeology --; 12.4; Ethical Considerations --; 12.5; Challenging Historical Narratives --; 12.5.1; Political Narratives --; 12.5.2; Challenging Witnesses --; 12.5.3; Entering Historical Narratives --; 12.5.4; Increasing Engagement --; 12.6; Uses and Abuses of Archaeology --; 12.7; The Future of Holocaust Archaeology
N2  - This book aims to move archaeological research concerning the Holocaust forward through a discussion of the variety of the political, social, ethical and religious issues that surround investigations of this period and by considering how to address them. It considers the various reasons why archaeological investigations may take place and what issues will be brought to bear when fieldwork is suggested. It presents an interdisciplinary methodology in order to demonstrate how archaeology can (uniquely) contribute to the history of this period. Case examples are used throughout the book in order to contextualise prevalent themes and a variety of geographically and typologically diverse sites throughout Europe are discussed. This book challenges many of the widely held perceptions concerning the Holocaust, including the idea that it was solely an Eastern European phenomena centered on Auschwitz and the belief that other sites connected to it were largely destroyed or are well-known. The typologically, temporally and spatial diverse body of physical evidence pertaining to this period is presented and future possibilities for investigation of it are discussed. Finally, the volume concludes by discussing issues relating to the "re-presentation" of the Holocaust and the impact of this on commemoration, heritage management and education. This discussion is a timely one as we enter an age without survivors and questions are raised about how to educate future generations about these events in their absence
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