TY  - BOOK
AU  - Popper,Karl R.
TI  - Conjectures and refutations: the growth of scientific knowledge. 
T2  - Routledge classics
SN  - 0415285941 (pbk.) :
U1  - 121 
PY  - 2002///
CY  - London
PB  - Routledge
KW  - Science
KW  - Philosophy
KW  - Knowledge, Theory of
N1  - Originally published: London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1963; Preface --; Acknowledgements --; Preface to the Second Edition --; Preface to the Third Edition --; Introduction: On the Sources of Knowledge and of Ignorance --; Conjectures --; 1; Science: Conjectures and Refutations --; Appendix; Some Problems in the Philosophy of Science --; 2; The Nature of Philosophical Problems and their Roots in Science --; 3; Three Views Concerning Human Knowledge --; 1; The Science of Galileo and Its Most Recent Betrayal --; 2; The Issue at Stake --; 3; The First View: Ultimate Explanation by Essences --; 4; The Second View: Theories as Instruments --; 5; Criticism of the Instrumentalist View --; 6; The Third View: Conjectures, Truth, and Reality --; 4; Towards a Rational Theory of Tradition --; 5; Back to the Presocratics --; Appendix; Historical Conjectures and Heraclitus on Change --; 6; A Note on Berkeley as Precursor of Mach and Einstein --; 7; Kant's Critique and Cosmology --; 1; Kant and the Enlightenment --; 2; Kant's Newtonian Cosmology --; 3; The Critique and the Cosmological Problem --; 4; Space and Time --; 5; Kant's Copernican Revolution --; 6; The Doctrine of Autonomy --; 8; On the Status of Science and of Metaphysics --; 1; Kant and the Logic of Experience --; 2; The Problem of the Irrefutability of Philosophical Theories --; 9; Why are the Calculi of Logic and Arithmetic Applicable to Reality? --; 10; Truth, Rationality, and the Growth of Scientific Knowledge --; 1; The Growth of Knowledge: Theories and Problems --; 2; The Theory of Objective Truth: Correspondence to the Facts --; 3; Truth and Content: Verisimilitude versus Probability --; 4; Background Knowledge and Scientific Growth --; 5; Three Requirements for the Growth of Knowledge --; Appendix; A Presumably False yet Formally Highly Probable Non-Empirical Statement --; Refutations --; 11; The Demarcation Between Science and Metaphysics --; 1; Introduction --; 2; My Own View of the Problem --; 3; Carnap's First Theory of Meaninglessness --; 4; Carnap and the Language of Science --; 5; Testability and Meaning --; 6; Probability and Induction --; 12; Language and the Body-Mind Problem --; 1; Introduction --; 2; Four Major Functions of Language --; 3; A Group of Theses --; 4; The Machine Argument --; 5; The Causal Theory of Naming --; 6; Interaction --; 7; Conclusion --; 13; A Note on the Body-Mind Problem --; 14; Self-Reference and Meaning in Ordinary Language --; 15; What is Dialectic? --; 1; Dialectic Explained --; 2; Hegelian Dialectic --; 3; Dialectic After Hegel --; 16; Prediction and Prophecy in the Social Sciences --; 17; Public Opinion and Liberal Principles --; 1; The Myth of Public Opinion --; 2; The Dangers of Public Opinion --; 3; Liberal Principles: A Group of Theses --; 4; The Liberal Theory of Free Discussion --; 5; The Forms of Public Opinion --; 6; Some Practical Problems: Censorship and Monopolies of Publicity --; 7; A Short List of Political Illustrations --; 8; Summary --; 18; Utopia and Violence --; 19; The History of Our Time: An Optimist's View --; 20; Humanism and Reason --; Addenda: Some Technical Notes --; 1; Empirical Content --; 2; Probability and the Severity of Tests --; 3; Verisimilitude --; 4; Numerical Examples --; 5; Artificial vs. Formalized Languages --; 6; A Historical Note on Verisimilitude (1964) --; 7; Some Further Hints on Verisimilitude (1968) --; 8; Further Remarks on the Presocratics, especially on Parmenides (1968) --; 9; The Presocratics: Unity or Novelty? (1968) --; 10; An Argument, due to Mark Twain, against Naive Empiricism (1989) --; Index of Mottoes --; Index of Names --; Index of Subjects
ER  -