Theories of developmental psychology / Patricia H. Miller.

Previous ed.: 2002.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Preface -- 1. Introduction -- What Is a Theory? -- What Is a Developmental Theory? -- Of What Value Is a Developmental Theory? -- Organizing Information / Guiding Research -- What Main Issues of Developmental Psychology Do Theories Address? -- What Is the Basic Nature of Humans? / Is Development Qualitative or Quantitative? / How Do Nature and Nurture Contribute to Development? / What Is It That Develops? -- Summary -- Organization of This Book -- Suggested Readings -- 2. Piaget's Cognitive-Stage Theory and the Neo-Piagetians -- Biographical Sketch -- General Orientation to the Theory -- Genetic Epistemology / Biological Approach / Structuralism / Stage Approach / Methodology -- Description of the Stages -- Sensorimotor Period / Preoperational Period / Concrete Operational Period / Formal Operational Period /An Overview -- Memory -- Mechanisms of Development -- Cognitive Organization / Cognitive Adaptation / Cognitive -- Equilibration / Section Overview -- Position on Developmental Issues -- Human Nature / Qualitative Versus Quantitative Development / -- Nature Versus Nurture / What Develops -- Applications -- Evaluation of the Theory -- Strengths / Weaknesses -- Piaget's Own Modifications of His Theory -- The Neo-Piagetians -- Robbie Case / Kurt Fischer / Neo-Piagetian Themes -- Contemporary Research -- Infants' Advanced Competencies /Domain-Specific Concepts /Mechanisms of Development /Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience -- Summary -- Suggested Readings -- 3. Freud's and Erikson's Psychoanalytic Theories -- Freud -- Biographical Sketch -- General Orientation to the Theory -- Dynamic Approach / Structural Approach / Topographic Approach / Stage Approach / Normal - Abnormal Continuum / Methodology -- Description of the Stages -- Oral Stage / Anal Stage / Phallic Stage / Period of Latency / Genital Stage / Case Study of “Little Hans” -- Mechanisms of Development -- Position on Developmental Issues -- Human Nature / Qualitative Versus Quantitative Development / Nature Versus Nurture / What Develops -- Applications -- Evaluation of the Theory -- Strengths / Weaknesses -- Contemporary Research -- Erikson -- Biographical Sketch -- General Orientation to the Theory -- Psychosocial Stages / Emphasis on Identity / Expansion of Psychoanalytic Methodology -- Description of the Stages -- Stage 1: Basic Trust Versus Basic Mistrust / -- Stage 2: Autonomy Versus Shame and Doubt / -- Stage 3: Initiative Versus Guilt / -- Stage 4: Industry Versus Inferiority / -- Stage 5: Identity and Repudiation Versus Identity Diffusion / -- Stage 6: Intimacy and Solidarity Versus Isolation / -- Stage 7: Generativity Versus Stagnation and Self-Absorption / -- Stage 8: Integrity Versus Despair -- Mechanisms of Development -- Position on Developmental Issues -- Applications -- Evaluation of the Theory -- Strengths / Weaknesses -- Contemporary Research -- Summary -- Suggested Readings -- 4. Vygotsky and the Sociocultural Approach -- Biographical Sketch -- General Orientation to the Theory -- Child-in-Activity-in-Cultural-Context Is the Unit of Study / Zone of Proximal Development / The Sociocultural Origins of Individual Mental Functioning / Tools Provided by a Culture Mediate Intellectual Functioning / Methodology -- Examples of Vygotskian and Other Sociocultural Research -- Private Speech and Inner Speech / Development of Concepts -- Mechanisms of Development -- Position on Developmental Issues -- Human Nature / Qualitative Versus Quantitative Development / Nature Versus Nurture / What Develops -- Applications -- Evaluation of the Theory -- Strengths /Weaknesses -- A Related Approach: Developing Person in Context -- Contemporary Research -- Collaborative Problem Solving / Research Across Cultures / Development Through Narratives and Conversations / Concluding Comment about Contemporary Vygotskian-Sociocultural Research -- Summary -- Suggested Readings -- 5. Social Learning Theory -- History of the Theory -- Learning Theory / Social Learning Theory -- General Orientation to the Theory -- Observational Learning / Causal Model Includes Environment - Person - Behavior System / Cognitive Contributions to Learning / Self-Efficacy and Agency -- Examples of Developmental Research: Moral Judgments and Gender Roles -- Moral Judgments and Behavior / Gender-Role Development -- Mechanisms of Development -- Position on Developmental Issues -- Human Nature / Qualitative Versus Quantitative Development /Nature Versus Nurture / What Develops -- Applications -- Evaluation of the Theory -- Strengths / Weaknesses -- Contemporary Research -- Summary -- Suggested Readings -- 6. Information-Processing Theory -- History of the Theory -- General Orientation to the Theory -- Humans as Information-Processing Systems / Development as Self-Modification / Task Analysis / Methodology -- Major Developmental Approaches -- Memory / Strategies: Acquisition, Variability, and Choice / Rules for Problem Solving / Production and Connectionist Simulations of Problem Solving and Learning / Intelligence -- Mechanisms of Development -- Position on Developmental Issues -- Human Nature / Qualitative Versus Quantitative Development / Nature Versus Nurture / What Develops -- Applications -- Evaluation of the Theory -- Strengths / Weaknesses -- Contemporary Research -- Summary -- Suggested Readings -- 7. Ethology and Other Evolutionary Theories -- History of the Theory -- General Orientation to the Theory -- Species-Specific Innate Behavior / Evolutionary Perspective / Learning Predispositions / Methodology -- Contributions to Human Developmental Psychology -- Infant - Caretaker Attachment / Peer Interaction / Problem Solving -- Mechanisms of Development -- Position on Developmental Issues -- Human Nature / Qualitative Versus Quantitative Development / -- Nature Versus Nurture / What Develops -- Applications -- Evaluation of the Theory -- Strengths / Weaknesses -- Contemporary Research -- Summary -- Suggested Readings -- 8. Gibson's Ecological Theory of Perceptual Development -- Biographical Sketch -- General Orientation to the Theory -- Ecological Approach: Affordances / Information Is Specified in Stimulation / Humans as Active Perceivers / Methodology -- Developmental Trends -- Increasing Specificity and Economy in the Perception of Affordances / Optimization of Attention -- What Infants Learn About -- Communication / Interaction with Objects / Locomotion in the Spatial Layout -- Mechanisms of Development -- Position on Developmental Issues -- Human Nature / Qualitative Versus Quantitative Development / -- Nature Versus Nurture / What Develops -- Applications -- Evaluation of the Theory -- Strengths / Weaknesses -- Contemporary Research -- Summary -- Suggested Readings -- 9. Contemporary Minitheories and Emerging Approaches -- The Theory Theory -- Modularity Nativism -- Dynamic-Systems Theory -- Critical Psychology: Are Theories of Development Gendered? -- Position on Developmental Issues -- Summary -- Suggested Readings -- 10. Reflections -- Developmental Issues Revisited -- Human Nature / Qualitative Versus Quantitative Development / Nature Versus Nurture / What Develops -- A Need for Better Theoretical Accounts of Mechanisms of Development -- Historical Progress of Developmental Theories -- The Future of Developmental Theories -- Conclusions.

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