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Cellular lipid metabolism / Christian Ehnholm, editor.

Contributor(s): Material type: TextTextPublisher: Berlin : Springer, [2009]Copyright date: ©2009Description: xviii, 376 pages : illustrations ; 25 cmContent type:
  • text
Media type:
  • unmediated
Carrier type:
  • volume
ISBN:
  • 3642002994
  • 9783642002991
Subject(s): DDC classification:
  • 612.397 22
LOC classification:
  • QP751
Contents:
1. The Lipid Droplet: a Dynamic Organelle, not only Involved in the Storage and Turnover of Lipids / Sven-Olof Olofsson, Pontus Bostrom, Jens Lagerstedt, Linda Andersson, Martin Adiels, Jeanna Perman, Mikael Rutberg, Lu Li, and Jan Boren -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Lipid Droplets Form as Primordial Structures at Microsomal Membranes -- 1.2.1. Microsomal Membrane Proteins Involved in Lipid Droplet Formation -- 1.2.2. Model for the Assembly of Lipid Droplets -- 1.3. Lipid Droplet Size Increases by Fusion -- 1.3.1. SNAREs are Involved in Lipid Droplet Fusion -- 1.3.2. Model for the Fusion Between Lipid Droplets -- 1.4. Lipid Droplets and the Development of Insulin Resistance -- 1.5. Lipid Droplet-Associated Proteins -- 1.5.1. PAT Proteins -- 1.5.2. Other Lipid Droplet-Associated Proteins -- 1.6. Lipid Droplets and the Secretion of Triglycerides from the Cell -- 1.6.1. The Assembly and Secretion of Milk Globules -- 1.6.2. ApoB100: the Structural Protein of VLDL -- 1.6.3. ApoB100 and the Secretory Pathway -- 1.6.4. The Assembly of VLDL -- 1.6.5. Regulation of VLDL Assembly -- 1.6.6. Clinical Implications of VLDL1 Production -- 1.7. Conclusions -- 2. Oxysterols and Oxysterol-Binding Proteins in Cellular Lipid Metabolism / Vesa M. Olkkonen -- 2.1. Oxysterols, Their Synthesis and Catabolism -- 2.1.1. Oxysterols that Arise Through Enzymatic Cholesterol Oxidation -- 2.1.2. Oxysterols Generated via Non-Enzymatic Oxidative Events -- 2.1.3. Oxysterols in the Circulation -- 2.1.4. Catabolism of Oxysterols -- 2.2. Biological Activities of Oxysterols -- 2.2.1. Effects of Oxysterol Administration on Cells in Vitro -- 2.2.2. Oxysterols in Atherosclerotic Lesions -- 2.2.3. Oxysterols as Regulators of Cellular Lipid Metabolism -- 2.2.4. Oxysterols Regulate Hedgehog Signaling -- 2.3. Cytoplasmic Oxysterol-Binding Proteins -- 2.3.1. Identification of Oxysterol-Binding Protein-Related Proteins -- 2.3.2. Structure and Ligands of ORPs -- 2.3.3. Subcellular Distribution of ORPs -- 2.3.4. Function of OSBP in Lipid Metabolism -- 2.3.5. Evidence for the Involvement of Mammalian OSBP Homologues in Lipid Metabolism -- 2.3.6. Functional Interplay of ORPs with the Transcriptional Regulators of Lipid Metabolism -- 2.3.7. Function of Yeast Osh Proteins in Sterol Metabolism -- 2.3.8. Osh4p Regulates Secretory Vesicle Transport -- 2.3.9. Mammalian ORPs and Intracellular Vesicle Transport -- 2.3.10. ORPs - Integrating Lipid Cues with Cell Signaling Cascades -- 2.4. Future Perspectives -- 3. Cellular Lipid Traffic and Lipid Transporters: Regulation of Efflux and HDL Formation / Yves L. Marcel, Mireille Ouimet, and Ming-Dong Wang -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Regulation of apoA-I Synthesis, Lipidation and Secretion in Hepatocytes: Genesis of apoA-I-Containing -- 3.3. Cell Specifi city of ABCA1 Expression and HDL Formation in Vivo: Insight from Genetically Modifi ed Mice -- 3.4. Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Regulation of ABCA1 -- 3.5. Cellular Traffic of ABCA1 -- 3.5.1. Syntrophin and the Regulation of Lipid Efflux Activity -- 3.5.2. Sorting of ABCA1 Between Golgi, Plasma Membrane and LE-Lysosomes: Contribution of Sortilin -- 3.6. Integrated Models of Lipid Efflux and Lipoprotein Assembly: Nascent HDL Formation -- 3.6.1. Interaction of apoA-I with Cell Surface ABCA1 -- 3.6.2. Contribution of Retroendocytosis -- 3.7. Complementarities of ABCA1, ABCG1 and SR-BI in Lipid Efflux and HDL Formation and Their Combined -- 3.7.1. HDL Genesis in Various Types of Cells -- 3.7.2. Cholesterol Efflux to apoA-I in Macrophages -- 3.7.3. In Vivo Cholesterol Efflux from Macrophages and Reverse Cholesterol Transport -- 3.8. Cellular Lipid Traffic Through the Late Endosomes -- 3.8.1. Egress of Cholesterol From LE -- 3.8.2. Regulation of Cholesterol Traffic in LE -- 3.9. Cholesterol Traffic Through the Lipid Droplet -- 3.9.1. Regulation of Cholesterol Traffic in the Adipocyte LD -- 3.9.2. Regulation of Cholesterol Traffic in the Macrophage LD -- 3.9.3. Regulation of Cholesterol Traffic in the Hepatocyte LD -- 3.10. Caveolin and Cellular Cholesterol Transport -- 3.11. Mobilization of LD Lipids for Efflux -- 3.11.1. The LD is the Major Source of Cholesterol for Efflux -- 3.11.2. Hydrolysis and Mobilization of LD Cholesteryl Esters for Efflux -- 3.11.3. Is ABCA1 Involved in the Mobilization and Traffic of LD Cholesterol for Efflux? -- 3.12. Conclusions -- 4. Bile Acids and Their Role in Cholesterol Homeostasis / Nora Bijl, Astrid van der Velde, and Albert K. Groen -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Bile Acid Synthesis -- 4.2.1. Regulation of Synthesis by Nuclear Receptors -- 4.2.2. Oxysterol Feed-Forward Regulation of Bile Synthesis -- 4.2.3. Bile Acid Feedback Regulation of Bile Synthesis -- 4.2.4. FGF-Regulated Feedback of Bile Synthesis -- 4.2.5. Other Pathways -- 4.3. Regulation of the Enterohepatic Circulation -- 4.3.1. Liver -- 4.3.2. Intestine -- 4.4. Cholesterol in the Enterohepatic Circulation -- 4.4.1. Cholesterol Absorption in the Intestine -- 4.4.2. Intestinal Cholesterol Secretion -- 4.4.3. Novel Pathways for Cholesterol Excretion -- 4.5. Role of the Enterohepatic Cycle in the Control of Cholesterol Homeostasis -- 4.6. Concluding Remarks --
5. Cholesterol Trafficking in the Brain / Dieter Lutjohann, Tim Vanmierlo, and Monique Mulder -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Cholesterol Turnover in the Brain -- 5.3. Release of 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol from the Brain -- 5.4. Lipoproteins in the Cerebrospinal Fluid -- 5.5. Astrocytes Supply Neurons with Cholesterol -- 5.6. How do Neurons Regulate Their Cholesterol Supply? -- 5.7. Alternative Pathway for Cholesterol Release from Neurons? -- 5.8. Role for cAMP Responsive Element Binding Protein -- 5.9. Internalization of Cholesterol by Neurons -- 5.10. The Choroid Plexus as an Alternative Source of HDL -- 5.11. Disturbances in Cholesterol Trafficking Between Astrocytes and Neurons in Alzheimer's Disease? -- 5.12. Do Alterations in Systemic Sterol Metabolism Alter Brain Sterol Metabolism? -- 6. Intracellular Cholesterol Transport / Daniel Wustner -- 6.1. Biophysical Properties of Cholesterol in Model Membranes -- 6.2. Molecular Organization and Function of Cholesterol in the Plasma Membrane -- 6.3. Overview of Membrane Traffic Along the Endocytic and Secretory Pathways and its Dependence on Cholesterol -- 6.4. Function of Various Organelles in Cellular Cholesterol Metabolism and Transport -- 6.5. Vesicular and Non-Vesicular Transport of Cholesterol: Targets, Kinetics and Regulation -- 6.6. Alterations in Intracellular Cholesterol Trafficking in Atherosclerosis and Lipid Storage Diseases -- 6.7. Future Prospects -- 7. Role of the Endothelium in Lipoprotein Metabolism / Arnold von Eckardstein and Lucia Rohrer -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Expression of Proteins Involved in Lipoprotein Metabolism -- 7.2.1. Lipoprotein Lipase and GPIHBP1 -- 7.2.2. Hepatic Lipase -- 7.2.3. Endothelial Lipase -- 7.3. Lipoprotein Transport Through the Endothelium -- 7.3.1. General Aspects of Transendothelial Lipoprotein Transport -- 7.3.2. Paracellular (Lipo)protein Transport -- 7.3.3. Transendothelial (Lipo)protein Transport -- 7.4. Target for Physiological and Pathological Effects of Lipoproteins -- 7.4.1. Regulation of the Vascular Tone -- 7.4.2. Leukocyte Adhesion and Extravasation -- 7.4.3. Platelet Aggregation, Coagulation, and Fibrinolysis -- 7.4.4. Endothelial Survival and Repair -- 8. Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis and Intracellular Trafficking of Lipoproteins / Joerg Heeren and Ulrike Beisiegel -- 8.1. Lipoproteins and Their Receptors -- 8.1.1. Metabolism of LDL -- 8.1.2. Metabolism of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins -- 8.2. Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL -- 8.2.1. Structure and Function of the LDL Receptor -- 8.2.2. Ligands of the LDL Receptor -- 8.2.3. Intracellular Processing of LDL -- 8.2.4. Regulation of LDL Receptor Function -- 8.3. Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis of Chylomicron Remnants -- 8.3.1. Structure and Function of LRP1 -- 8.3.2. Ligands of LRP1 -- 8.3.3. Intracellular Processing of Chylomicron Remnants -- 8.3.4. Regulation of LRP1 Function -- 9. Angiopoietin-Like Proteins and Lipid Metabolism / Sander Kersten -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Angpt14 and Lipid Metabolism -- 9.2.1. Discovery and Structure of Angpt14 -- 9.2.2. Regulation of Angptl4 Expression -- 9.2.3. Role of Angptl4 in Lipid Metabolism -- 9.2.4. Role of Angptl4 in Human -- 9.3. Angpt13 and Lipid Metabolism -- 9.3.1. Discovery and Structure of Angptl3 -- 9.3.2. Regulation of Angptl3 Expression -- 9.3.3. Role of Angpt13 in Lipid Metabolism -- 9.3.4. Role of Angpt13 in Human -- 9.5. Conclusion -- 10. Thyroid Hormones and Lipid Metabolism: Thyromimetics as Anti-Atherosclerotic Agents? / Bernhard Foger, Andreas Wehinger, Josef R. Patsch, Ivan Tancevski, and Andreas Ritsch -- 10.1. Thyroid Hormones, Thyroid Hormone-Receptors and Lipoprotein Metabolism -- 10.1.1. Thyroid Hormone Signalling -- 10.1.2. Thyroid Function and Lipoprotein Metabolism -- 10.2. Thyromimetics and Thyromimetic Compounds -- 10.2.1. Background -- 10.2.2. Selective Thyromimetic Compounds -- 10.2.3. Selective Thyromimetics as Hypolipidemic Drugs -- 10.2.4. Potential Additional Applications -- 10.2.5. Off-Target Toxicity of Selective Thyromimetics -- 11. Adipokines: Regulators of Lipid Metabolism / Oreste Gualillo and Francisca Lago -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Regulation of Lipid Metabolism by Adipokines -- 11.2.1. Leptin -- 11.2.2. Adiponectin -- 11.2.3. Other Relevant Adipokines Contributing to Lipid Metabolism -- 11.3. Conclusions -- 12. Cellular Cholesterol Transport - Microdomains, Molecular Acceptors and Mechanisms / Christopher J. Fielding -- 12.1. Overview -- 12.2. Structure and Properties of the Cell Surface -- 12.3. Role of Cell-Surface Lipid Transporters in RCT -- 12.4. Cholesterol Efflux and the LCAT Reaction -- 12.5. Signifi cance of ABCG1 -- 12.6. Recycling of apo-A-I -- 12.7. RCT from Activated Macrophages -- 13. The Ins and Outs of Adipose Tissue / Thomas Olivecrona and Gunilla Olivecrona -- 13.1. Introduction -- 13.2. Sources of Lipids for Deposition in Adipose Tissue -- 13.3. Lipoprotein Lipase -- 13.3.1. Molecular Properties -- 13.3.2. Synthesis, Maturation and Transport of LPL -- 13.3.3. LPL at the Endothelium -- 13.3.4. Regulation /Modulation of Tissue LPL Activity -- 13.4. Intracellular Lipases -- 13.4.1. Adipose Triglyceride Lipase -- 13.4.2. Hormone-Sensitive Lipase -- 13.4.3. Monoacylglycerol Hydrolase -- 13.4.4. Perilipin and the Orchestration of Lipolysis -- 13.5. Triglyceride Synthesis -- 13.5.1. A Triglyceride - Diglyceride Cycle? -- 13.5.2. Reacylation of Monoglycerides -- 13.5.3. De Novo Synthesis of Triglycerides -- 13.5.4. Acylation-Stimulating Protein -- 13.6. Conclusion: an Integrated View of the Lipase Systems in Adipose Tissue.
Summary: "For years lipids have fascinated cell biologists and biochemists due to their profound effects on cell function. "Cellular Lipid Metabolism" highlights new concepts and recent findings, but also reviews important discoveries made in the past. Outstanding international experts contribute 13 chapters on the genetics, molecular and cell biology of lipids. Presenting analyses at the molecular level they reveal the principles by which cellular lipid metabolism functions. Further, numerous intriguing observations that cannot yet be explained are identified, stimulating the readers to future studies. This book provides an invaluable source of information for biomedical researchers in energy metabolism, vascular biology, endocrinology and lipidology."--Publisher's website.
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Includes bibliographical references and index.

1. The Lipid Droplet: a Dynamic Organelle, not only Involved in the Storage and Turnover of Lipids / Sven-Olof Olofsson, Pontus Bostrom, Jens Lagerstedt, Linda Andersson, Martin Adiels, Jeanna Perman, Mikael Rutberg, Lu Li, and Jan Boren -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Lipid Droplets Form as Primordial Structures at Microsomal Membranes -- 1.2.1. Microsomal Membrane Proteins Involved in Lipid Droplet Formation -- 1.2.2. Model for the Assembly of Lipid Droplets -- 1.3. Lipid Droplet Size Increases by Fusion -- 1.3.1. SNAREs are Involved in Lipid Droplet Fusion -- 1.3.2. Model for the Fusion Between Lipid Droplets -- 1.4. Lipid Droplets and the Development of Insulin Resistance -- 1.5. Lipid Droplet-Associated Proteins -- 1.5.1. PAT Proteins -- 1.5.2. Other Lipid Droplet-Associated Proteins -- 1.6. Lipid Droplets and the Secretion of Triglycerides from the Cell -- 1.6.1. The Assembly and Secretion of Milk Globules -- 1.6.2. ApoB100: the Structural Protein of VLDL -- 1.6.3. ApoB100 and the Secretory Pathway -- 1.6.4. The Assembly of VLDL -- 1.6.5. Regulation of VLDL Assembly -- 1.6.6. Clinical Implications of VLDL1 Production -- 1.7. Conclusions -- 2. Oxysterols and Oxysterol-Binding Proteins in Cellular Lipid Metabolism / Vesa M. Olkkonen -- 2.1. Oxysterols, Their Synthesis and Catabolism -- 2.1.1. Oxysterols that Arise Through Enzymatic Cholesterol Oxidation -- 2.1.2. Oxysterols Generated via Non-Enzymatic Oxidative Events -- 2.1.3. Oxysterols in the Circulation -- 2.1.4. Catabolism of Oxysterols -- 2.2. Biological Activities of Oxysterols -- 2.2.1. Effects of Oxysterol Administration on Cells in Vitro -- 2.2.2. Oxysterols in Atherosclerotic Lesions -- 2.2.3. Oxysterols as Regulators of Cellular Lipid Metabolism -- 2.2.4. Oxysterols Regulate Hedgehog Signaling -- 2.3. Cytoplasmic Oxysterol-Binding Proteins -- 2.3.1. Identification of Oxysterol-Binding Protein-Related Proteins -- 2.3.2. Structure and Ligands of ORPs -- 2.3.3. Subcellular Distribution of ORPs -- 2.3.4. Function of OSBP in Lipid Metabolism -- 2.3.5. Evidence for the Involvement of Mammalian OSBP Homologues in Lipid Metabolism -- 2.3.6. Functional Interplay of ORPs with the Transcriptional Regulators of Lipid Metabolism -- 2.3.7. Function of Yeast Osh Proteins in Sterol Metabolism -- 2.3.8. Osh4p Regulates Secretory Vesicle Transport -- 2.3.9. Mammalian ORPs and Intracellular Vesicle Transport -- 2.3.10. ORPs - Integrating Lipid Cues with Cell Signaling Cascades -- 2.4. Future Perspectives -- 3. Cellular Lipid Traffic and Lipid Transporters: Regulation of Efflux and HDL Formation / Yves L. Marcel, Mireille Ouimet, and Ming-Dong Wang -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Regulation of apoA-I Synthesis, Lipidation and Secretion in Hepatocytes: Genesis of apoA-I-Containing -- 3.3. Cell Specifi city of ABCA1 Expression and HDL Formation in Vivo: Insight from Genetically Modifi ed Mice -- 3.4. Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Regulation of ABCA1 -- 3.5. Cellular Traffic of ABCA1 -- 3.5.1. Syntrophin and the Regulation of Lipid Efflux Activity -- 3.5.2. Sorting of ABCA1 Between Golgi, Plasma Membrane and LE-Lysosomes: Contribution of Sortilin -- 3.6. Integrated Models of Lipid Efflux and Lipoprotein Assembly: Nascent HDL Formation -- 3.6.1. Interaction of apoA-I with Cell Surface ABCA1 -- 3.6.2. Contribution of Retroendocytosis -- 3.7. Complementarities of ABCA1, ABCG1 and SR-BI in Lipid Efflux and HDL Formation and Their Combined -- 3.7.1. HDL Genesis in Various Types of Cells -- 3.7.2. Cholesterol Efflux to apoA-I in Macrophages -- 3.7.3. In Vivo Cholesterol Efflux from Macrophages and Reverse Cholesterol Transport -- 3.8. Cellular Lipid Traffic Through the Late Endosomes -- 3.8.1. Egress of Cholesterol From LE -- 3.8.2. Regulation of Cholesterol Traffic in LE -- 3.9. Cholesterol Traffic Through the Lipid Droplet -- 3.9.1. Regulation of Cholesterol Traffic in the Adipocyte LD -- 3.9.2. Regulation of Cholesterol Traffic in the Macrophage LD -- 3.9.3. Regulation of Cholesterol Traffic in the Hepatocyte LD -- 3.10. Caveolin and Cellular Cholesterol Transport -- 3.11. Mobilization of LD Lipids for Efflux -- 3.11.1. The LD is the Major Source of Cholesterol for Efflux -- 3.11.2. Hydrolysis and Mobilization of LD Cholesteryl Esters for Efflux -- 3.11.3. Is ABCA1 Involved in the Mobilization and Traffic of LD Cholesterol for Efflux? -- 3.12. Conclusions -- 4. Bile Acids and Their Role in Cholesterol Homeostasis / Nora Bijl, Astrid van der Velde, and Albert K. Groen -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Bile Acid Synthesis -- 4.2.1. Regulation of Synthesis by Nuclear Receptors -- 4.2.2. Oxysterol Feed-Forward Regulation of Bile Synthesis -- 4.2.3. Bile Acid Feedback Regulation of Bile Synthesis -- 4.2.4. FGF-Regulated Feedback of Bile Synthesis -- 4.2.5. Other Pathways -- 4.3. Regulation of the Enterohepatic Circulation -- 4.3.1. Liver -- 4.3.2. Intestine -- 4.4. Cholesterol in the Enterohepatic Circulation -- 4.4.1. Cholesterol Absorption in the Intestine -- 4.4.2. Intestinal Cholesterol Secretion -- 4.4.3. Novel Pathways for Cholesterol Excretion -- 4.5. Role of the Enterohepatic Cycle in the Control of Cholesterol Homeostasis -- 4.6. Concluding Remarks --

5. Cholesterol Trafficking in the Brain / Dieter Lutjohann, Tim Vanmierlo, and Monique Mulder -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Cholesterol Turnover in the Brain -- 5.3. Release of 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol from the Brain -- 5.4. Lipoproteins in the Cerebrospinal Fluid -- 5.5. Astrocytes Supply Neurons with Cholesterol -- 5.6. How do Neurons Regulate Their Cholesterol Supply? -- 5.7. Alternative Pathway for Cholesterol Release from Neurons? -- 5.8. Role for cAMP Responsive Element Binding Protein -- 5.9. Internalization of Cholesterol by Neurons -- 5.10. The Choroid Plexus as an Alternative Source of HDL -- 5.11. Disturbances in Cholesterol Trafficking Between Astrocytes and Neurons in Alzheimer's Disease? -- 5.12. Do Alterations in Systemic Sterol Metabolism Alter Brain Sterol Metabolism? -- 6. Intracellular Cholesterol Transport / Daniel Wustner -- 6.1. Biophysical Properties of Cholesterol in Model Membranes -- 6.2. Molecular Organization and Function of Cholesterol in the Plasma Membrane -- 6.3. Overview of Membrane Traffic Along the Endocytic and Secretory Pathways and its Dependence on Cholesterol -- 6.4. Function of Various Organelles in Cellular Cholesterol Metabolism and Transport -- 6.5. Vesicular and Non-Vesicular Transport of Cholesterol: Targets, Kinetics and Regulation -- 6.6. Alterations in Intracellular Cholesterol Trafficking in Atherosclerosis and Lipid Storage Diseases -- 6.7. Future Prospects -- 7. Role of the Endothelium in Lipoprotein Metabolism / Arnold von Eckardstein and Lucia Rohrer -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Expression of Proteins Involved in Lipoprotein Metabolism -- 7.2.1. Lipoprotein Lipase and GPIHBP1 -- 7.2.2. Hepatic Lipase -- 7.2.3. Endothelial Lipase -- 7.3. Lipoprotein Transport Through the Endothelium -- 7.3.1. General Aspects of Transendothelial Lipoprotein Transport -- 7.3.2. Paracellular (Lipo)protein Transport -- 7.3.3. Transendothelial (Lipo)protein Transport -- 7.4. Target for Physiological and Pathological Effects of Lipoproteins -- 7.4.1. Regulation of the Vascular Tone -- 7.4.2. Leukocyte Adhesion and Extravasation -- 7.4.3. Platelet Aggregation, Coagulation, and Fibrinolysis -- 7.4.4. Endothelial Survival and Repair -- 8. Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis and Intracellular Trafficking of Lipoproteins / Joerg Heeren and Ulrike Beisiegel -- 8.1. Lipoproteins and Their Receptors -- 8.1.1. Metabolism of LDL -- 8.1.2. Metabolism of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins -- 8.2. Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL -- 8.2.1. Structure and Function of the LDL Receptor -- 8.2.2. Ligands of the LDL Receptor -- 8.2.3. Intracellular Processing of LDL -- 8.2.4. Regulation of LDL Receptor Function -- 8.3. Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis of Chylomicron Remnants -- 8.3.1. Structure and Function of LRP1 -- 8.3.2. Ligands of LRP1 -- 8.3.3. Intracellular Processing of Chylomicron Remnants -- 8.3.4. Regulation of LRP1 Function -- 9. Angiopoietin-Like Proteins and Lipid Metabolism / Sander Kersten -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Angpt14 and Lipid Metabolism -- 9.2.1. Discovery and Structure of Angpt14 -- 9.2.2. Regulation of Angptl4 Expression -- 9.2.3. Role of Angptl4 in Lipid Metabolism -- 9.2.4. Role of Angptl4 in Human -- 9.3. Angpt13 and Lipid Metabolism -- 9.3.1. Discovery and Structure of Angptl3 -- 9.3.2. Regulation of Angptl3 Expression -- 9.3.3. Role of Angpt13 in Lipid Metabolism -- 9.3.4. Role of Angpt13 in Human -- 9.5. Conclusion -- 10. Thyroid Hormones and Lipid Metabolism: Thyromimetics as Anti-Atherosclerotic Agents? / Bernhard Foger, Andreas Wehinger, Josef R. Patsch, Ivan Tancevski, and Andreas Ritsch -- 10.1. Thyroid Hormones, Thyroid Hormone-Receptors and Lipoprotein Metabolism -- 10.1.1. Thyroid Hormone Signalling -- 10.1.2. Thyroid Function and Lipoprotein Metabolism -- 10.2. Thyromimetics and Thyromimetic Compounds -- 10.2.1. Background -- 10.2.2. Selective Thyromimetic Compounds -- 10.2.3. Selective Thyromimetics as Hypolipidemic Drugs -- 10.2.4. Potential Additional Applications -- 10.2.5. Off-Target Toxicity of Selective Thyromimetics -- 11. Adipokines: Regulators of Lipid Metabolism / Oreste Gualillo and Francisca Lago -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Regulation of Lipid Metabolism by Adipokines -- 11.2.1. Leptin -- 11.2.2. Adiponectin -- 11.2.3. Other Relevant Adipokines Contributing to Lipid Metabolism -- 11.3. Conclusions -- 12. Cellular Cholesterol Transport - Microdomains, Molecular Acceptors and Mechanisms / Christopher J. Fielding -- 12.1. Overview -- 12.2. Structure and Properties of the Cell Surface -- 12.3. Role of Cell-Surface Lipid Transporters in RCT -- 12.4. Cholesterol Efflux and the LCAT Reaction -- 12.5. Signifi cance of ABCG1 -- 12.6. Recycling of apo-A-I -- 12.7. RCT from Activated Macrophages -- 13. The Ins and Outs of Adipose Tissue / Thomas Olivecrona and Gunilla Olivecrona -- 13.1. Introduction -- 13.2. Sources of Lipids for Deposition in Adipose Tissue -- 13.3. Lipoprotein Lipase -- 13.3.1. Molecular Properties -- 13.3.2. Synthesis, Maturation and Transport of LPL -- 13.3.3. LPL at the Endothelium -- 13.3.4. Regulation /Modulation of Tissue LPL Activity -- 13.4. Intracellular Lipases -- 13.4.1. Adipose Triglyceride Lipase -- 13.4.2. Hormone-Sensitive Lipase -- 13.4.3. Monoacylglycerol Hydrolase -- 13.4.4. Perilipin and the Orchestration of Lipolysis -- 13.5. Triglyceride Synthesis -- 13.5.1. A Triglyceride - Diglyceride Cycle? -- 13.5.2. Reacylation of Monoglycerides -- 13.5.3. De Novo Synthesis of Triglycerides -- 13.5.4. Acylation-Stimulating Protein -- 13.6. Conclusion: an Integrated View of the Lipase Systems in Adipose Tissue.

"For years lipids have fascinated cell biologists and biochemists due to their profound effects on cell function. "Cellular Lipid Metabolism" highlights new concepts and recent findings, but also reviews important discoveries made in the past. Outstanding international experts contribute 13 chapters on the genetics, molecular and cell biology of lipids. Presenting analyses at the molecular level they reveal the principles by which cellular lipid metabolism functions. Further, numerous intriguing observations that cannot yet be explained are identified, stimulating the readers to future studies. This book provides an invaluable source of information for biomedical researchers in energy metabolism, vascular biology, endocrinology and lipidology."--Publisher's website.

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