Winning debates : a guide to debating in the style of the world universities debating championships / Steven L. Johnson.

Includes bibliographical references.

Introduction: On Winning -- 1. A Philosophy of Debating -- The Foundations of a Philosophy of Debating -- A Philosophy of Debating -- 2. Arguments and Argumentation -- The Elements of Argument -- Forms of Argument -- Argumentation -- Modes of Argumentation -- Descriptive Argumentation -- Creating Descriptive Arguments -- Opposing Descriptive Arguments -- Relational Argumentation -- Creating Relational Arguments -- Opposing Relational Arguments -- Evaluative Argumentation -- Creating Evaluative Arguments -- Opposing Evaluative Arguments -- 3. Stasis and Structure -- Argument as Movement -- Points of Stasis -- Propositions -- Issues -- The Relationship(s) between Issues -- Controlling Points of Stasis -- Structuring Arguments to Occupy Space -- Tag Lines -- Structural Devices -- 4. Basic Strategy and Skills -- A Strategy of Control -- Constructive Argumentation -- The Analytic Process -- The Process of Synthesis -- Deconstructive Argumentation -- Standards of Argument Quality -- Acceptability -- Relevance -- Sufficiency -- Structuring Refutation -- A Structural Pattern for Refutation -- Framing -- Prospective Framing -- Retrospective Framing -- Framing the Round by Structuring Issues -- 5. The Speakers and Speeches -- The British Parliamentary Format -- The Prime Minister's Speech -- Framing -- Constructive Argumentation -- Deconstructive Argumentation -- The PM Speechin the Capital Punishment Debate -- The Leader of the Opposition's Speech -- Framing -- Deconstructive Argumentation -- Constructive Argumentation -- The LO Speechin the -- Capital Punishment Debate -- The Deputy Speeches -- Framing -- Deconstructive Argumentation -- Constructive Argumentation -- The DPM Speechin the Capital Punishment Debate -- The DLO Speechin the Capital Punishment Debate -- The Member Speeches -- The Extension -- The MP Speechin the Capital Punishment Debate -- The MO Speechin the Capital Punishment Debate -- The Whip Speeches -- Construction and Deconstruction -- Framing -- The PW Speechin the Capital Punishment Debate -- The OW Speechin the Capital Punishment Debate -- 6. Decision Making and Strategy -- The Nature of Thinking and Deciding -- Uncovering the Elements of Decision Making: The "Search" -- Possibilities -- Goals -- Evidence -- Evaluating the Elements of Decision Making: The "Inference" -- Identifying the Preferred Goals Hierarchy -- Evaluating the Strength of Possibilities -- 7. The Paradoxes of Debating -- Paradox #1: The Quality of a Debate Depends More on Agreement Than Disagreement -- Paradox #2: Winning Arguments Benefit More from Simplicity Than Complexity -- Paradox #3: You're More Likely to Persuade an Audience by Focusing on What They Believe Than What They Don't Believe -- Paradox #4: You're More Likely to Win by Arguing from a Difficult Position -- Paradox #5: Your Advocacy Is More Likely to Prevail if You Appear Disinterested in Winning -- Paradox #6: The More We Strive to Reduce Uncertainty through Debate, the More Uncertain We Become -- 8. Advanced Tactics -- Offensive Tactics -- Capturing Presumption -- Establishing Urgency -- Employing Objectivity -- Defensive Tactics -- Balancing Interests -- Goals Analysis -- Discerning Goals -- Countering Arguments with Goal Analysis -- Implicit Collusion -- 9. Adjudicating Debates -- Who Should Read This Chapter? -- The Guiding Principles of Adjudication -- Tabula Rasa -- Non-Intervention -- Education -- Adjudication Models -- Less Practical Models -- A Preferred Model: The "Movement" Model -- Relevant Standards of Adjudication -- Role Fulfillment -- The "Better Debate" Standard -- Matter and Manner -- Reaching a Decision -- 1. Identify the Proposition -- 2. Identify the Issues -- 3. Determine the Winner of EachIssue -- Truth -- Validity -- 4. Determine the Importance of EachIssue -- 5. Assess EachTeam's Efforts Relative to the Issues -- 6. Report the Decision -- Notes.

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