Analyzing English grammar / Thomas P. Klammer, Muriel R. Schulz, Angela Della Volpe.

Includes index.

Introduction -- What Is Grammar? -- Grammar Versus Usage -- Descriptive Grammars -- Grammatical Prototypes -- Learning About Grammar -- Aids to Learning About Language -- Diagramming -- IC Analysis -- Phrase Structure Trees -- Suggestions for Reading This Book -- Key Terms -- Endnotes -- 1. Varieties of English -- Regional Dialects -- Social Dialects -- Standard American English -- Styles -- Second Language Acquisition -- English in an International Context -- Summary -- Key Terms -- Endnotes -- 2. The Morphology of English -- Morphemes -- Allomorphs -- Inflectional Morphemes -- Noun Inflections -- Verb Inflections -- Adjective and Adverb Inflections -- Functional Shift -- Derivational Morphemes -- Form Classes and Structure Classes -- A Word About Words -- Summary -- Review Exercises -- Key Terms -- Chapter -- Form-Class Words -- Form and Function -- Forms with Overlapping Functions -- Nouns -- Prototypes and Peripheral Cases -- Subclasses and Features -- Noun Subclasses -- Verbs -- Verb Subclasses -- Adjectives -- Adjective Subclasses -- Adverbs -- Adverb Subclasses -- Analyzing Form and Function -- Comments and Suggestions -- Summary -- Review Exercises -- Key Terms -- Endnote -- Chapter -- STRUCTURE-CLASS WORDS, PART I: Modifying Words -- Structure-Class Versus Form-Class Words -- Determiners -- Diagrams and Trees -- Auxiliaries -- Modal Auxiliaries -- Have -- Be -- Do -- Diagrams and Trees -- Qualifiers -- Diagrams and Trees -- Pronouns -- Pronouns as Noun-PhraseSubstitutes -- Personal Pronouns -- Reflexive Pronouns -- Reciprocal Pronouns -- Indefinite Pronouns -- Summary -- Review Exercises -- Key Terms -- 3. STRUCTURE-CLASS WORDS, PART II: Connecting Words -- Prepositions -- Diagrams and Trees -- Differences Between Prepositions and Adverbs -- Differences Between Prepositions and Verb Particles -- Differences Between Verb Particles and Adverbs -- Conjunctions -- Coordinating Conjunctions -- Conjunctive Adverbs -- Subordinating Conjunctions -- Relatives -- Interrogatives -- Summary -- Review Exercises -- Key Terms -- Endnote -- 4. Phrases -- Subjects and Predicates -- Form and Function -- Recognizing Phrase Types -- The Main Verb Phrase -- Creating Verb Phrases -- Time, Tense, and Aspect -- Simple Tenses -- Finite and Nonfinite Verb Forms -- Compound Verb Forms-Perfect and Progressive -- The Meaning of Modals -- Other Auxiliaries -- Have and Be as Main Verbs -- The Subjunctive Mood -- Summary -- Review Exercises -- Key Terms -- Endnotes -- 5. Basic Sentence Types -- Binary Structure -- Type I-The Intransitive Type -- Types II, III, and IV-Linking (Copular) Verbs -- Type II-The Verb Be Requiring Adverbs of Time or Place -- Type III-The Linking Verb Type with Adjectival Subject -- Complement -- Type IV-The Linking Verb Type with Nominal Subject -- Complement -- Type V-The Transitive Type -- Transitive Verbs with Reflexive and Reciprocal Direct -- Objects -- Transitive Verbs with Object Complements -- Distinguishing Between Transitive and Linking Verb Sentence -- Types -- Verbs That Function in More Than One Sentence Type -- Summary -- Review Exercises -- Key Terms -- 6. Basic Sentence Transformations -- The Indirect Object Transformation -- Indirect Objects and Object Complements -- The Passive Transformation -- Direct and Indirect Objects -- Other Transformations -- Negative Sentences -- Negative Sentences with Auxiliary Verbs -- Negative Sentences with Be -- Negative Sentences Without Auxiliary Verbs or Be -- Interrogative Sentences -- Yes /No Questions -- Wh-Questions -- Imperative Sentences -- Verbs in Imperative Sentences -- Summary -- Review Exercises -- Key Terms -- 7. Finite Verb Clauses, Part I: -- Adverbial and Adjectival Clauses -- Sentence Varieties -- Subordinate Clauses -- Diagramming Subordinate Clauses -- Subordinate Clauses That Can Function Adverbially -- Or Adjectivally -- Relative Clauses -- Relative Clauses Within Prepositional Phrases -- Diagramming Relative Clauses -- The Omission of Relative Pronouns -- Relative Adverbs -- Relative Clauses Contrasted with Adverbial Subordinate Clauses -- Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Relative Clauses -- Summary -- Review Exercises -- Key Terms -- 8. Finite Verb Clauses, Part Ii: -- Nominal Clauses -- That-Clauses -- Differences Between Relative Clauses and Nominal That-Clauses -- Appositive That-Clauses -- Relative Clauses and Deletion Transformations: Appositives -- Functions of Nominal That-Clauses -- Diagramming Nominal That-Clauses -- Interrogative Clauses -- Diagramming Interrogative Clauses -- Rhetorical Problems in Using Dependent Clauses -- Elliptical Dependent Clauses -- Summary -- Review Exercises -- Key Terms -- 9. Nonfinite Verb Phrases -- Infinitive Phrases -- Diagramming Infinitive Phrases -- Passive Infinitives -- Infinitives Without To -- Functions of Infinitive Phrases -- Adverbial Infinitives -- Adjectival Infinitives -- Nominal Infinitives -- Differences Between Infinitives and Prepositional Phrases -- Present Participle Phrases -- Functions of Present Participle Phrases -- Diagramming Present Participle Phrases -- Differences Between Present Participles and Adjectives -- Gerunds -- Functions of Gerunds and Gerund Phrases -- Differences Between Gerunds and Nouns -- Past Participle Phrases -- Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Participle Phrases -- Summary -- Review Exercises -- Key Terms -- Appendix: -- The Sounds of American English -- Consonants of English -- Allophones -- Vowels of English -- American Pronunciation -- Pronunciation and Spelling -- Phonics and Phonemic Awareness -- Summary -- Review Exercises -- Key Terms -- Glossary -- Index.

Machine converted from AACR2 source record.